Plantar Callus: Is Complete Removal Possible? (2024)

A plantar callus is a hardened and thickened area of skin that develops on the sole or bottom of the foot. These calluses commonly occur on weight-bearing regions like the heel or ball of the foot due to excessive pressure and friction on the skin.

In this article, we will explore different methods for effectively removing plantar calluses. These methods include soaks, pads, medications, and scalpel removal.

How Does a Plantar Callus Look?

Plantar calluses are typically rough, thickened, and hardened areas of the skin on and around the bottom of the foot. When discussing the appearance of a plantar callus, it is crucial to differentiate between a "callus" and a "corn." Generally, the term "callus" refers to thickened skin on the bottom of the foot, whereas "corn" pertains to thickened skin on the top of the foot or toe.

However, what matters more than the location is the pattern of thickening: a callus is a flat and widespread skin thickening, whereas a corn is distinguished by thicker or deeper lesions. In many cases, plantar calluses are painless. However, they can sometimes cause discomfort or pain when pressure is applied, especially during activities like walking or standing.

Those with diabetes or impaired circulation are particularly vulnerable because calluses can sometimes escalate into more severe foot complications.

How to Remove a Plantar Callus Naturally

Treatment may prove unnecessary for mild calluses. If discomfort is minimal, it is generally safe to leave them undisturbed.

To remove calluses, some dermatologists offer the following guidance:

• Soak the affected area in warm water for five to 10 minutes, allowing the skin to soften.
• Wet a pumice stone in warm water and gently file the corn or callus.
• Use circular or sideways motions while taking care not to remove excessive skin because it could lead to bleeding and potential infection.
• Apply moisturizer to the area daily.
  

Some calluses will naturally diminish when the source of the pressure and friction has been eliminated. However, if you're experiencing severe discomfort from hardened skin or have diabetes, it is advisable to seek professional guidance from a certified dermatologist.

OTC Plantar Callus Removal

Some individuals opt to treat their plantar calluses using over-the-counter remedies. In such cases, it is essential to carefully follow the application and usage instructions provided on the packaging.

Here is a list of some common plantar callus removal treatments:

• Salicylic acid patches or pads: These adhesive patches contain salicylic acid, which helps soften and dissolve the callus over time.
• Salicylic acid topical solutions: These are liquid solutions with salicylic acid that can be applied directly to the callus using an applicator. They also help break down the thickened skin gradually.
  
• Pads and inserts: Placing non-medicated callus pads or inserts around the callus can be an effective treatment. These inserts can help distribute pressure evenly across the foot, reducing the friction and pressure that contributes to callus formation.

Chronic or Treatment-Resistant Plantar Callus

Sometimes, despite efforts to alleviate the condition through home remedies or over-the-counter treatments, plantar calluses remain and continue to cause discomfort or pain. In these cases, your healthcare provider may recommend scalpel debridement.

During this procedure, your provider carefully and gently scrapes away the thickened layers of the callus to remove it. This helps to reduce the pain and discomfort caused by the callus and allows the healthy skin underneath to heal properly. Your provider may also advise on appropriate footwear choices that offer proper support, cushioning, and fit to reduce pressure on the callused area.

In rare instances, surgical intervention might be necessary. Calluses can develop when specific areas of the foot experience excessive pressure due to the misalignment of bones or joints. Surgical procedures may be required to address the underlying issue in these situations. The surgical approach may involve the removal of excess bone, repositioning of larger bones, or the fusion of joints. Additionally, the provider may perform tendon or ligament releases to alleviate pressure.

Type of Provider to See for Plantar Callus

There are several types of healthcare providers you can consult for the treatment of plantar calluses. These include:

• Podiatrists: These foot specialists are specifically trained in diagnosing and treating conditions related to the feet, including plantar calluses.
• Dermatologists: Skin specialists who can provide treatment options for plantar calluses, particularly if they are causing discomfort or have developed complications.
• Primary care physicians: Your primary care doctor can initially evaluate your plantar calluses and may refer you to a specialist if needed.

If you or a loved one is struggling with a callus, it is important to consult with a healthcare provider who can assess your specific condition and provide appropriate treatment options based on your individual needs.

Specialty Plantar Callus Removal Techniques

Podiatrists use various tools to remove plantar calluses. Some common tools and instruments employed by podiatrists for callus removal include:

• Surgical blade: Podiatrists use a sterile surgical blade attached to a handle. This sharp blade allows them to precisely trim away the excess thickened skin layers of the callus.
  
• Electrical tools: Podiatrists may use specialized electrical tools that resemble electric sanders. These tools feature various shapes of attachments for different calluses and nail care.

In certain cases where a callus has ulcerated or is deeply cracked, a podiatrist may use a scalpel to remove the infected tissue beneath the dead skin. This procedure is typically performed with a local anesthetic to ensure a pain-free experience for the patient.

The specific tools may vary based on the podiatrist's preference and the nature of the callus treated. It's important to note that these tools should be used by trained professionals to ensure safe and effective callus removal.

Summary

Plantar calluses are thickened and hardened areas of skin that develop on the sole due to pressure and friction. Remove them at home using natural remedies like soaking and pumice stone. Over-the-counter options such as salicylic acid patches or pads, topical solutions, and non-medicated callus pads or inserts are available.

If your calluses are resistant to home treatments, or you have diabetes or problems with circulation, it's essential to consult a healthcare professional specializing in foot-related conditions, like a podiatrist or dermatologist. They can provide accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment to help you address the issue effectively and comfortably.